HALLMARKS OF GERMAN SILVER
MARKS AND HALLMARKS OF GERMANY
- 19TH AND 20TH CENTURY (POST 1888) -

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German hallmarking system was unified in 1888 (see Decree January 7, 1886) adopting the national mark "crescent and crown" indicating the in thousandths the fineness of silver. This system is still in use in present days.
German national mark from 1888

The previous system was based on different town marks and the silver fineness was indicated in "loth" (12 loth corresponding to 750/1000, 13 loth = 812/1000, 14 loth = 875/1000, 15 loth = 937/1000)

GERMAN SILVER HALLMARKS OF THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURY (post 1888)

ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF SILVERSMITHS (click on name for image and information):
A.W.B - Bahner Franz - Behrnd Hermann - Bemberg Fritz - Binder Wilhelm - Bleyer Heinr. Jr - Bohm Hugo - Bremer Silberwaren-Fabrik AG - BRUCKMANN&SÖHNE - Deyhle Gebrüder - Dingeldein Gebrüder - Friedländer Gebrüder - Gerber Fritz - G+K - GOWE - Grimminger Jakob - Haegermann Gustav - Haub C. - Heiden Theodor - Heisler C. - Hermann Emil - Herz Julius - Hessemberg & Co - HKJ - Lutz&Weiss - Kern - Köberlin Richard - Koch&Bergfeld - Korner&Proll - Kraft Robert - Kühn Gebrüder - Meyen & Co - Mosgau Franz - Paulmann J W & Sohn - Posen Lazarus - Reiner Gebrüder - Reusswig Friedrich - Rieth - Robbe&Berking - Rosenau Simon - Rosenthal - Rückert M.J. - SA - Schleißner J.D. Söhne - Schnauffer - Seybold & Hirschhauer - Tewes G. - WILKENS&SÖHNE - WMF -

(click on the photo to enlarge image)
Hermann Behrnd - Dresden c. 1890
Hermann Behrnd - Dresden c. 1890
ref: Sänger/Das deutsche Silber-Besteck Marke Seite 271
Schnauffer: Dresden c. 1890
Schnauffer - Dresden c. 1890
Koch & Bergfeld - Bremen 1899 Koch & Bergfeld - Bremen 1899
Koch & Bergfeld - Bremen 1899
Founded in 1829. Executed 1900-10 designs by Hugo Leven, Albin Muller and Henry van de Velde and in the twenties and thirties by Gustav Elsass and Berhardd Hotger
ref: Neuwirth/Markenlexikon für Edle und Unedle Metalle No.286
Art Nouveau and Art deco Silver - by Annelies Krekle-Aalberse, p. 256
Robbe & Berking - Flensburg Robbe & Berking - Flensburg Robbe & Berking, Giffhorn
Robbe & Berking - Flensburg, 1874 - Present
Lazarus Posen (widow of) - Berlin & Frankfurt/Main 20th century Lazarus Posen (widow of) - Berlin & Frankfurt/Main 20th century Lazarus Posen (widow of) - Berlin & Frankfurt/Main 20th century Lazarus Posen (widow of) - Berlin & Frankfurt/Main 20th century
Lazarus Posen Witwe (Lazarus Posen’s widow)
Berlin & Frankfurt/Main 20th century
ref: Bröhan/Metallkunst der Moderne vol. VI Marke Seite 108, No.87, Scheffler Goldschmiede Hessens No.631
The firm was founded in Frankfurt on the Main in 1869 by Brendina Wetzlar, the widow of Lazarus Jacob Posen, a silversmith and retailer of Polish descent. Under the widow Posen’s stewardship, the firm became the largest supplier of Judaica in the late 19th century. Her son Jacob L. Posen joined the firm by 1880, and by 1900, the company’s large staff of chasers and engravers were producing some of the finest silver in the country. They received a royal warrant in 1903. In the 20th century the firm was under the direction of Brendina’s grandsons Jakob, Hermann and Moritz Posen. The exact date of the company’s closure is not known
G.Haegermann - Burgdorf/Hannover c. 1900
Gustav Haegermann - Burgdorf/Hannover c. 1900
ref: Deutsches Goldschmiede-Jahrbuch 1913 No.204 Scheffler/Goldschmiede Niedersachsens I page 228
C.Haub (son) - Hanau - end of 19th century
C.Haub (son) - Hanau - end of 19th century
ref: Neuwirth/Edle und Unedle Metalle page 48
not identified - c. 1900
not identified - c. 1900
(click on the photo to enlarge image)
Jakob Grimminger - Schwabisch Gmund Jakob Grimminger - Schwabisch Gmund Jakob Grimminger - Schwabisch Gmund
Jakob Grimminger - Schwabisch Gmund
The firm was founded in 1893 and by the 1930 had a fine reputation as producer of modern silver.
ref: Art Nouveau and Art deco Silver - by Annelies Krekle-Aalberse
not identified - c. 1910
not identified - c. 1910
Wilhelm Binder - Schwäbisch Gmünd
Wilhelm Binder - Schwäbisch Gmünd - founded in 1869
ref: Art Nouveau and Art deco Silver, Annelies Krekel-Albersee, pag. 252
A.W.B- not identified
A.W.B- not identified
Bremen c. 1920- not identified
Bremen c. 1920 - not identified
Lutz & Weiss - Pforzheim c.  1900
Lutz & Weiss - Pforzheim c. 1900
ref: Grotkamp-Schepers & Sänger/Bestecke des Jugendstils Marke page 211, image No.168
WILKENS & SÖHNE Hemelingen c. 1890 WILKENS & SÖHNE Hemelingen c. 1890
WILKENS & SÖHNE - Bremen-Hemelingen c. 1890
founded in 1810 was the leading silver manufacturer in Germany al the end of 19th century. Its designers were Peter Behrens, Albin Muller, and Heinrich Vogeler. H. Bulling, A. Donat, C. Krauss and Karl Muller designed for the firm between 1910 and 1940
ref: Art Nouveau and Art deco Silver - by Annelies Krekle-Aalberse, p.260
click on image for details
Hermann Behrnd - Dresden c. 1890 Koch & Bergfeld - Bremen 1899 Robbe & Berking - Flensburg Lazarus Posen (widow of) - Berlin & Frankfurt/Main 20th century Lazarus Posen (widow of) - Berlin & Frankfurt/Main 20th century Lazarus Posen (widow of) - Berlin & Frankfurt/Main 20th century C.Haub (son) - Hanau - end of 19th century Jakob Grimminger - Schwabisch Gmund not identified - c. 1910 Wilhelm Binder - Schwäbisch Gmünd not identified A.W.B- not identified Bremen c. 1920- not identified Lutz & Weiss - Pforzheim Robbe & Berking, Giffhorn WILKENS & SÖHNE Hemelingen Rieth BRUCKMANN & SÖHNE - Heilbronn G+K - not identified Theodor Heiden - Munchen J.D.Schleißner Söhne - Hanau Gebrüder Kühn - Schwäbisch Gmünd Franz Bahner - Düsseldorf Fritz Gerber & Co - Gorlitz/Schlesien Friedrich Reusswig - Hanau C.Heisler - Mannheim Richard Köberlin - Döbeln/Sachsen Gebrüder Reiner Gebrüder Reiner SA - not identified Gebrüder Friedländer - Berlin KÖRNER & PROLL - Berlin Robert Kraft, Pforzheim Gebrüder Deyhle, Schwäbisch Gmund Emil Hermann, Waldstetten G. Tewes not identified GOWE Simon Rosenau, Bad Kissingen Fritz Bemberg, Pforzheim Hugo Bohm - Schwäbisch Gmund Gebrüder Dingeldein, Hanau M.J. Rückert, Mainz Bremer Silberwaren-Fabrik AG - Bremen Rosenthal Franz Mosgau, Hamburg Seybold & Hirschhauer, Schwäbisch-Gmünd H.Meyen & Co, Berlin not identified not identified not identified not identified not identified WMF - Wurttembergische Metallwaren Fabrik not identified not identified WMF - Wurttembergische Metallwaren Fabrik go to Lazarus Posen Witwe details not identified Hessenberg & Co, Frankfurt a.M Julius Herz HKJ, not identified J. W. Paulmann & Sohn - Bremen not identified Heinr.Bleyer Jr.- Chemnitz not identified WMF - Wurttembergische Metallwaren Fabrik WMF - Wurttembergische Metallwaren Fabrik WMF - Wurttembergische Metallwaren Fabrik
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